Placement of a modified cannula in the innominate vein for sufficient drainage during the bidirectional Glenn shunt procedure without cardiopulmonary bypass

During the bidirectional Glenn shunt procedure in small infants, the standard right-angle venous cannula is frequently placed in the innominate vein for establishing the temporary veno-atrial bypass without cardiopulmonary bypass, but it should be small enough to allow flow to pass around it from the internal jugular vein opposite to the side the cannula is directed. Small cannula may induce the inadequacy of venous drainage. We developed a modified right-angle venous cannula and placed it within the innominate vein for sufficient venous drainage. The standard right-angle venous cannula was simply modified by an oval open on the top of the external curvature. Our initial application demonstrated that this modified venous cannula provides better venous drainage during the bidirectional Glenn shunt procedure without cardiopulmonary bypass in small infants.